Dyscalculia is a specific learning disability in math. Kids with dyscalculia may have difficulty understanding number-related concepts or using symbols or functions needed for success in mathematics.
It is a common learning issue that doesn’t just affect them at school—the challenges can also create difficulties in daily life. Fortunately, various supports and strategies can help kids gain the skills they need.
Dyscalculia is a lifelong condition that makes it hard for kids to perform math-related tasks. It’s not as well known as dyslexia, but experts believe it’s just as common. At its core, it affects number sense—understanding quantities and concepts like biggest vs. smallest.
Kids may understand the logic behind math but struggle with the mechanics, such as recalling math facts or holding numbers in mind while performing multiple steps (working memory).
Note: While sometimes called "math dyslexia," this term can be misleading as dyscalculia and dyslexia are distinct conditions.
43–65% of kids with math disabilities also have reading disabilities. ADHD can lead to math errors due to trouble paying attention to detail.
Weaknesses in working memory and planning make math difficult. Math anxiety can lead to poor test performance due to nervousness.
Dyscalculia tends to run in families, suggesting that genetics play a significant role in math scores and disabilities.
Differences in brain structure/function in areas associated with numerical processing, memory, and planning.
Linked to fetal alcohol syndrome, prematurity, or acquired through injury to specific brain parts.
Source: NCLD, Understood